01

Binding mechanism of Etak

Etak is the one that is scientifically synthesized by the following ingredient.

R-AC (disinfectant) agent…The disinfectant which is also included in a general hand sanitizer: Quaternary ammonium salt (Left in the figure) and Si-ET (Immobilized adhesive: binder) agent…Etak is synthesized by chemical method with Silane analogue (Right in the figure)

R-AC(disinfectant agent) is immobilized to cover the surface of the material by Oxygen on the surface of Material (Glass, tree, metal, fiber etc.) and Si-ET(Silane analogue) are held together by a covalent bond and immobilized on the surface.

02

Antibacterial and anti-virus action of quaternary ammonium salt

Quaternary ammonium salt (disinfectant component of Etak) shows the antimicrobial and antivirus effects on both Gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria , fungi and envelope virus.

- Viruses with envelopes -

It's effective on・Influenza virus (Human, bird, swine (H1N1 flu))・Parainfluenza virus・Hepatitis virus (A-E)・Hepatitis virus ・Herpes virus・Mumpus virus ・Rabies virus

*The antimicrobial and antivirus effect of Etak on enveloped viruses has been identified.

03

Comparison with conventional products

	Effect	Concentration for skin disinfection	Metalware	sustainability of effect
Ethanol for disinfection	General bacteria MRSA fungus virus Hand Sanitizer	over 50%		NO
povidone iodine	General bacteria MRSA fungus virus Hand Sanitizer	Stock solution		NO
hypochlorous acid Na	General bacteria MRSA fungus virus Hand Sanitizer	NO		NO
	General bacteria MRSA fungus virus Hand Sanitizer	1000ppm		1 month or more

The greatest feature of Etak is it's "sustainability of effect"
Once the disinfectant component (quaternary ammonium salt) is immobilized to surface by adhesive (silane analogue), which will disinfect bacteria and deactivate influenza viruses upon contact.
The Long acting (lasting) antibacterial / bacteriostatic agent is the characteristic of Etak

Etak is applied and immobilized to surface, which will disinfect bacteria and deactivate influenza viruses upon contact.

04

Number of bacteria after 18 hours

The result confirmed the antibacterial performance against staphylococcus aureus (left), coli bacterium (center ) and bacillus cereus(right), showing the surface of Etak treatment towel.
The vertical axis of the graph is the number of bacteria
We measured the number of bacteria after 18 hours by inoculating 10000 each of the bacteria

It was confirmed that the bacterium had proliferated about 1000 times after 18 hours on (1)Untreated towel and (2)JIS standards towel, but the none of bacteria was detected on 0.3% Etak treatment towel It was confirmed that it grew to about 1000 times after 18 hours

05

Antimicrobial properties by Etak concentration

It is the result of confirming the antibacterial effect by changing concentration of Etak on towel. The bottom is showing the Etak untreated towel
For MRSA, it increased to 2.7E＋07、7.7E＋07、6.3E＋07

This value meets the criteria: 2.2, which can obtain the "SEK mark of antibacterial deodorization" of the fiber.
For a 10-times thick 0.3% Etak treated towel, no bacteria were detected at all even after 50 –times washing. The same result is obtained against S. aureus and E. coli. These results suggest that Etak's immobilized antibacterial activity persists even when continuing the washing.

06

Inhibitory effect on S. epidermidis

The growth of bacteria was perfectly inhibited in both Etak -treated vial, or surfactant together with Etak treated vials as compared to untreated control.

07

Activity of avian influenza virus on Etak treated surface

Inactivation of avian influenza virus was observed on the surface of towel or glass which are treated with 0.06 % Etak at room temperature for 3 minutes.

The vertical axis represents residual ratio (%)
When considered residual ratio of untreated towel and glass are 100%, the residual ratios on the treated surface are 4-5% on the towel and 6-7% on the glass. Since all the virus did not touch the surface completely, there are still some virus remaining on Etak treated surface.

With the cooperation of Professor Sakaguchi from Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences biomedical sciences, Hiroshima University.

08

Viral infectivity titer after a contact with avian influenza virus

This evaluation shows the result of Etak treatment durability test (against the number of times of washing the antimicrobial effect is maintained without falling off the antimicrobial agent from the surface). We compare the infectivity titer of avian influenza virus of untreated towel and washed 0.06% Etak treated towel.

It is quantification of the infectivity titer by touching the towel and virus solution for 10 mins in room temperature. Untreated towel is considered as 100% The vertical axis represents viral infectivity titer (%)

Etak treated towel was washed by following method provided by Japanese Industrial Standards; (1)no wash (2)20 times wash (3)50 times wash. We then confirmed the inactivate effect on avian influenza virus.

With the cooperation of Professor Sakaguchi from Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences biomedical sciences, Hiroshima University.

09

a new influenza virus AH1N1 (2009)

Using new influenza virus (AH1N1 type), viral residual ratio on Etak treated glass is measured at different concentration of Etak.

Low concentration (0.012%) of Etak treatment makes almost 0.0 % (0.12%) of viral residual ratio, showing that low concentration of Etak can make significant inactivation on new influenza virus.

With the cooperation of Professor Sakaguchi from Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences biomedical sciences, Hiroshima University.

10

Effect on avian influenza of Etak solution

We recognized that the differences of antiviral effect on avian influenza are dependent on the concentration of Etak.
The vertical axis represents Etak concentration (%), the horizontal axis represents the residual influenza viral load (%).
The liquid does not contain Etak is considered as 100%

We confirmed 100% of inactivating effects by using Etak0.002％（20ppm） It was confirmed that there is enough inactivating effect with very low concentration.

With the cooperation of Professor Sakaguchi from Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences biomedical sciences, Hiroshima University.

11

Anti-mold test on an air-conditioner filter

(1)New Filter
(2)Disinfect with hypochlorous acid on a new filter and dry
(3)Spray 0.3% Etak on a new filter and then dry
(4)Spray 0.3% Etak on a new filter and dry then spray again and dry (2 times spray)

After using the air conditioner for 1 week, we compared growth of mold

Mold grows well on (1) and (2). There are few mold on (3). Almost no mold on (4).
We found that Etak treatment helps to reduce the growth of mold due to its long-lasting antibacterial effect.

In addition, it was confirmed that the inhibition effect is increased by several top coats

12

The fixation onto skin

Mixed Etak solution with luminescent paint which glows blue under the black light, and apply the mixture on hand. It was also fixed on hand.

We made sure how long its fixation effect last. We apply the solution only on pinky at 8:12 in the morning. We could confirm the fixation effect after 1hour, 5 hours , 7 hours, 10 hours and 14 hours the apply ( everything is confirmed after wash with soap and water). It also confirmed that the effect may be little weaker after taking bath, but we could still confirm the effect in the next morning.

13

Safety

mutagenicity test : mutation-induced negative

Acute oral toxicity test : Gave 8000mg/kg (upper limit)
A decrease in locomotor activity is observed 5 minutes after the administration, but they recover within 4 hours after the administration and no abnormality is recognized thereafter. This shows that the LD50 value obtained by the single oral administration in the specimen mice is 8,000 mg/kg or more.

*We confirmed the basic safety

14

Things that easy to be fixed

Adhesive component (silane analogue) is easily fixes to Wood　(desk, chair, furniture) Glass (window, glass) Porcelain (dishes) Textile cotton, Mixed fabric, Acryl, polyester etc. Metal (titan, iron, stemless, aluminum) Rubber etc.

On the other hand, surface of resin system (acryl, PVC, PP, nylon fiber) are hardly fixe to.

New technology Etak-α which is jointly developed with TB Kawasima Corporatio made it possible to adhere to resin system.
Announcement about Etak-α